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Sains Malaysiana 54(11)(2025): 2685-2696
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2025-5411-09
Menilai Potensi Polisakarida yang Diekstrak
daripada Arthrospira platensis A1 sebagai Sumber Prebiotik kepada Bacillus
velezensis FS26
(Evaluating the Potential of
Polysaccharides Extracted from Arthrospira platensis A1 as a Prebiotic
Source to Bacillus velezensis FS26)
MUHAMAD FIRDAUS SYAHMI SAM-ON1,2,*, SHUHAIMI MUSTAFA3,4,
MOHD TERMIZI YUSOF3, AMALIA MOHD HASHIM3,4 &
SHAHRIZIM ZULKIFLY5
1Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Science and
Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
2Innovation Centre for Confectionery Technology (MANIS),
Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi,
Selangor, Malaysia
3Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and
Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor,
Malaysia
4Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra
Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
5Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra
Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 9 April
2025/Diterima: 8 Oktober 2025
Abstrak
Prebiotik ialah karbohidrat tidak hadam yang digunakan secara selektif oleh
probiotik untuk memberi manfaat kepada kesihatan perumah. Arthrospira
platensis berpotensi sebagai prebiotik kerana kehadiran polisakarida
kompleks dalam strukturnya. Walau bagaimanapun, tiada kajian yang
memfokuskan kepada potensi prebiotik daripada polisakarida sianobakteria ini.
Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk menilai polisakarida yang diekstrak
daripada A. platensis A1 dan kesan prebiotiknya terhadap pertumbuhan
probiotik akuakultur B. velezensis FS26. Polisakarida larut air telah diekstrak daripada A. platensis A1
menggunakan kaedah pemanasan
bertekanan tinggi (121 ºC, 15 minit) dan air panas (90
ºC, 3 jam). Polisakarida mentah bagi kedua-dua kaedah
pengekstrakan menunjukkan >85% ketidakcernaan dalam jus gastrik (pH 1-5)
pada pengeraman sehingga enam jam. Puncak utama dalam analisis FTIR telah
dikesan masing-masing pada panjang gelombang 860, 1000-1200 dan 3300-3400 cm-1,
menunjukkan kehadiran ikatan α-glikosidik, cincin piranosa dan getaran
hidroksil. Kehadiran sebatian larut air turut dikesan
menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis pada panjang gelombang 300-400 nm dalam kedua-dua
ekstrak polisakarida. Selain itu, polisakarida daripada A.
platensi boleh digunakan oleh probiotik B. velezensis FS26 berdasarkan
ujian karbohidrat merah fenol yang mana berlaku perubahan warna merah ke
kuning/oren. Di
samping itu, polisakarida yang diekstrak menggunakan pemanasan bertekanan
tinggi menunjukkan pertumbuhan yang ketara untuk B. velezensis FS26
dalam kedua-dua media diperkaya dan minimum masing-masing pada bacaan 0.6 × 109 dan 7.1 × 109 CFU/mL, berbanding ekstrak air panas, inulin atau tiada
karbohidrat. Kesimpulannya, polisakarida mentah daripada A. platensis A1
mempunyai aktiviti prebiotik untuk probiotik B. velezensis FS26 dan
berpotensi sebagai sinbiotik dalam akuakultur.
Kata kunci: Akuakultur; Arthrospira platensis A1; Bacillus
velezensis FS26; polisakarida larut air; prebiotik
Abstract
A prebiotic is a nondigestible carbohydrate which
selectively utilised by probiotic microbes to benefit the hosts’ health. Arthrospira
platensis has the potential to act as a prebiotic due to the presence of
complex polysaccharides in its structure. However, no studies have focused on
the prebiotic potential of polysaccharides from this cyanobacterium. Thus, the
study aims to evaluate the crude polysaccharide extracted from A. platensis A1 and its prebiotic effect on the growth of aquacultural probiotic B.
velezensis FS26. Water-soluble polysaccharides were extracted from A.
platensis A1 using high-pressure heating (121 °C, 15 min) and hot water (90
°C, 3 h). The crude polysaccharide, obtained using both extraction methods,
demonstrated >85% indigestibility in gastric juice after six hours of
incubation. Major peaks in the FTIR analysis were detected at wavelengths of
860, 1000-1200, and 3300-3400 cm-1, indicating the presence of α-glycosidic
bonds, pyranose rings, and hydroxyl vibrations, respectively. Moreover, the UV-Vis
spectrophotometer identified the presence of water-soluble compounds at wavelengths
300-400 nm in both extracted polysaccharides. Additionally, the extracted polysaccharides
that could be utilised by the probiotic B. velezensis FS26, based on the
phenol red carbohydrate test, which showed a colour change from red to yellow/orange.
Besides, the high-pressure heating-extracted crude polysaccharide exhibited
significant growth for B. velezensis FS26 in both enriched and minimal
media at 0.6 × 109 and 7.1 × 109 CFU/mL, respectively, as
compared to media without prebiotics or added polysaccharides. In conclusion,
the extracted polysaccharide from A. platensis A1 possesses prebiotic
activity for probiotic B. velezensis FS26 and holds potential as a
synbiotic in aquaculture.
Keywords: Aquaculture; Arthrospira platensis A1; Bacillus velezensis FS26; prebiotic; water-soluble polysaccharide
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*Pengarang untuk
surat-menyurat; email: firdaussyahmi97@ukm.edu.my
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